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</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><strong class="selflink"> Error handling</strong><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Error codes</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="error/errno_macros.html" title="c/error/errno macros"> Error codes</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno"><span class="t-lines"><span>errno</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Assertions</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/assert.html" title="c/error/assert"><span class="t-lines"><span>assert</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/static_assert.html" title="c/error/static assert"><span class="t-lines"><span>static_assert</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> Bounds checking</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/set_constraint_handler_s.html" title="c/error/set constraint handler s"><span class="t-lines"><span>set_constraint_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/abort_handler_s.html" title="c/error/abort handler s"><span class="t-lines"><span>abort_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/ignore_handler_s.html" title="c/error/ignore handler s"><span class="t-lines"><span>ignore_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Error_numbers">Error numbers</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;errno.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno"> <span class="t-lines"><span>errno</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  macro which expands to POSIX-compatible thread-local error number variable<br><span class="t-mark">(macro variable)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/errno_macros.html" title="c/error/errno macros"> <span class="t-lines"><span>E2BIG, EACCES, ..., EXDEV</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   macros for standard POSIX-compatible error conditions <br> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Assertions">Assertions</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;assert.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/assert.html" title="c/error/assert"> <span class="t-lines"><span>assert</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   aborts the program if the user-specified condition is not <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span>. May be disabled for release builds <br> <span class="t-mark">(function macro)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/static_assert.html" title="c/error/static assert"> <span class="t-lines"><span>static_assert</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   issues a compile-time diagnostic if the value of a constant expression is false  <br> <span class="t-mark">(keyword macro)</span>
</td></tr>

</table>
 <table class="t-rev-begin">
<tr class="t-rev t-since-c11"><td>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Bounds_checking">Bounds checking</span></h3>
<p>The standard library provides bounds-checked versions of some existing functions (<span class="t-lc"><a href="io/gets.html" title="c/io/gets">gets_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="io/fopen.html" title="c/io/fopen">fopen_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="io/fprintf.html" title="c/io/fprintf">printf_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/byte/strcpy.html" title="c/string/byte/strcpy">strcpy_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/wide/wcscpy.html" title="c/string/wide/wcscpy">wcscpy_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="string/multibyte/mbstowcs.html" title="c/string/multibyte/mbstowcs">mbstowcs_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="algorithm/qsort.html" title="c/algorithm/qsort">qsort_s</a></span>, <span class="t-lc"><a href="program/getenv.html" title="c/program/getenv">getenv_s</a></span>, etc). This functionality is <i>optional</i> and is only available if <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> is defined. The following macros and functions support this functionality.
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;errno.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>errno_t</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   a typedef for the type <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">int</span></span></span>, used to self-document functions that return <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno">errno</a></span> values  <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span>
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stddef.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;string.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;time.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;wchar.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>rsize_t</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   a typedef for the same type as <span class="t-lc"><a href="types/size_t.html" title="c/types/size t">size_t</a></span>, used to self-document functions that range-check their parameters at runtime  <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span>
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stdint.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span>RSIZE_MAX</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  largest acceptable size for bounds-checked functions, expands to either constant or variable which may change at runtime (e.g. as the currently allocated memory size changes)<br><span class="t-mark">(macro variable)</span>
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>Defined in header <code>&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/set_constraint_handler_s.html" title="c/error/set constraint handler s"> <span class="t-lines"><span>set_constraint_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   set the error callback for bounds-checked functions  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/abort_handler_s.html" title="c/error/abort handler s"> <span class="t-lines"><span>abort_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   abort callback for the bounds-checked functions  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/ignore_handler_s.html" title="c/error/ignore handler s"> <span class="t-lines"><span>ignore_handler_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   ignore callback for the bounds-checked functions  <br> <span class="t-mark">(function)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<p>Note: implementations of bounds-checked functions are available as open-source libraries <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/rurban/safeclib/">Safe C</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.google.com/archive/p/slibc/">Slibc</a>, and as part of Watcom C. There is also an incompatible set of bounds-checked functions available in Visual Studio.
</p>
</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(since C11)</span></td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.2 Diagnostics &lt;assert.h&gt; (p: 186-187)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.5 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; (p: 205)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.19 Common definitions &lt;stddef.h&gt; (p: 288)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.20 Integer types &lt;stdint.h&gt; (p: 289-295)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.21 Input/output &lt;stdio.h&gt; (p: 296-339)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.22 General utilities &lt;stdlib.h&gt; (p: 340-360)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.1.3 Use of errno (p: 584)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.2/2 errno_t (p: 585)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.3/2 rsize_t (p: 585)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.4/2 RSIZE_MAX (p: 585)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.31.3 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; (p: 455)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.31.10 Integer types &lt;stdint.h&gt; (p: 456)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.31.11 Input/output &lt;stdio.h&gt; (p: 456)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.31.12 General utilities &lt;stdlib.h&gt; (p: 456)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.2 Diagnostics &lt;assert.h&gt; (p: 169)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.5 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; (p: 186)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.26.3 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; (p: 401)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.26.8 Integer types &lt;stdint.h&gt; (p: 401)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.26.9 Input/output &lt;stdio.h&gt; (p: 402)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.26.10 General utilities &lt;stdlib.h&gt; (p: 402)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.2 DIAGNOSTICS &lt;assert.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.1.3 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.13.1 Errors &lt;errno.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.13.6 Input/output &lt;stdio.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.13.7 General utilities &lt;stdlib.h&gt; 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="numeric/math/math_errhandling.html" title="c/numeric/math/math errhandling"> <span class="t-lines"><span>math_errhandling</span><span>MATH_ERRNO</span><span>MATH_ERREXCEPT</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   defines the error handling mechanism used by the common mathematical functions  <br> <span class="t-mark">(macro constant)</span> </td></tr>

</table></div>
</div>

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